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Hi,
I am trying to get a simple test program working using AVR USB on a Mega88. I took the code from the Automator project and modified it so that it writes back 3 bytes when it received a HID_GET_REPORT. However the PC does not find the usb device. I use 'lsusb' and it does not show up.

I modified the usbconfig file to have USB- on Port D1 and USB+ on port D2 and changed the USB_INTR_CFG to EICRA, USB_INTR_ENABLE to EIMSK and USB_INTR_PENDING EIFR. I also modified the timer registers in main.c to fit for the ATMega88.

The fuse bits are set to 5F for low and CD for High to include the external crystal 12MHz.

I can't think of anything else to do. So what am I missing?

I have attached the usbconfig.h and main.c<

usbconfig.h:
/* Name: usbconfig.h
* Project: AVR USB driver
* Author: Christian Starkjohann
* Creation Date: 2005-04-01
* Tabsize: 4
* Copyright: (c) 2005 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH
* License: Proprietary, free under certain conditions. See Documentation.
* This Revision: $Id: usbconfig.h 286 2007-03-29 16:32:50Z cs $
*/

#ifndef __usbconfig_h_included__
#define __usbconfig_h_included__

/*
General Description:
This file contains parts of the USB driver which can be configured and can or
must be adapted to your hardware.

Please note that the usbdrv contains a usbconfig-prototype.h file now. We
recommend that you use that file as a template because it will always list
the newest features and options.
*/

/* ---------------------------- Hardware Config ---------------------------- */

#define USB_CFG_IOPORTNAME D
/* This is the port where the USB bus is connected. When you configure it to
* "B", the registers PORTB, PINB and DDRB will be used.
*/
#define USB_CFG_DMINUS_BIT 1
/* This is the bit number in USB_CFG_IOPORT where the USB D- line is connected.
* This may be any bit in the port.
*/
#define USB_CFG_DPLUS_BIT 2
/* This is the bit number in USB_CFG_IOPORT where the USB D+ line is connected.
* This may be any bit in the port. Please note that D+ must also be connected
* to interrupt pin INT0!
*/

/* ----------------------- Optional Hardware Config ------------------------ */

/* #define USB_CFG_PULLUP_IOPORTNAME D */
/* If you connect the 1.5k pullup resistor from D- to a port pin instead of
* V+, you can connect and disconnect the device from firmware by calling
* the macros usbDeviceConnect() and usbDeviceDisconnect() (see usbdrv.h).
* This constant defines the port on which the pullup resistor is connected.
*/
/* #define USB_CFG_PULLUP_BIT 4 */
/* This constant defines the bit number in USB_CFG_PULLUP_IOPORT (defined
* above) where the 1.5k pullup resistor is connected. See description
* above for details.
*/

/* --------------------------- Functional Range ---------------------------- */

#define USB_CFG_HAVE_INTRIN_ENDPOINT 1
/* Define this to 1 if you want to compile a version with two endpoints: The
* default control endpoint 0 and an interrupt-in endpoint 1.
*/
#define USB_CFG_HAVE_INTRIN_ENDPOINT3 0
/* Define this to 1 if you want to compile a version with three endpoints: The
* default control endpoint 0, an interrupt-in endpoint 1 and an interrupt-in
* endpoint 3. You must also enable endpoint 1 above.
*/
#define USB_CFG_IMPLEMENT_HALT 0
/* Define this to 1 if you also want to implement the ENDPOINT_HALT feature
* for endpoint 1 (interrupt endpoint). Although you may not need this feature,
* it is required by the standard. We have made it a config option because it
* bloats the code considerably.
*/
#define USB_CFG_INTR_POLL_INTERVAL 10
/* If you compile a version with endpoint 1 (interrupt-in), this is the poll
* interval. The value is in milliseconds and must not be less than 10 ms for
* low speed devices.
*/
#define USB_CFG_IS_SELF_POWERED 1
/* Define this to 1 if the device has its own power supply. Set it to 0 if the
* device is powered from the USB bus.
*/
#define USB_CFG_MAX_BUS_POWER 80
/* Set this variable to the maximum USB bus power consumption of your device.
* The value is in milliamperes. [It will be divided by two since USB
* communicates power requirements in units of 2 mA.]
*/
#define USB_CFG_IMPLEMENT_FN_WRITE 0
/* Set this to 1 if you want usbFunctionWrite() to be called for control-out
* transfers. Set it to 0 if you don't need it and want to save a couple of
* bytes.
*/
#define USB_CFG_IMPLEMENT_FN_READ 0
/* Set this to 1 if you need to send control replies which are generated
* "on the fly" when usbFunctionRead() is called. If you only want to send
* data from a static buffer, set it to 0 and return the data from
* usbFunctionSetup(). This saves a couple of bytes.
*/
#define USB_CFG_IMPLEMENT_FN_WRITEOUT 0
/* Define this to 1 if you want to use interrupt-out (or bulk out) endpoint 1.
* You must implement the function usbFunctionWriteOut() which receives all
* interrupt/bulk data sent to endpoint 1.
*/
#define USB_CFG_HAVE_FLOWCONTROL 0
/* Define this to 1 if you want flowcontrol over USB data. See the definition
* of the macros usbDisableAllRequests() and usbEnableAllRequests() in
* usbdrv.h.
*/

/* -------------------------- Device Description --------------------------- */

#define USB_CFG_VENDOR_ID 0xc0, 0x16 /* 5824 dec */
/* USB vendor ID for the device, low byte first. If you have registered your
* own Vendor ID, define it here. Otherwise you use obdev's free shared
* VID/PID pair. Be sure to read USBID-License.txt for rules!
*/
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_ID 0xdf, 0x05 /* 1503 dec */
/* This is the ID of the product, low byte first. It is interpreted in the
* scope of the vendor ID. If you have registered your own VID with usb.org
* or if you have licensed a PID from somebody else, define it here. Otherwise
* you use obdev's free shared VID/PID pair. Be sure to read the rules in
* USBID-License.txt!
*/
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_VERSION 0x00, 0x01
/* Version number of the device: Minor number first, then major number.
*/
#define USB_CFG_VENDOR_NAME 'w', 'w', 'w', '.', 'o', 'b', 'd', 'e', 'v', '.', 'a', 't'
#define USB_CFG_VENDOR_NAME_LEN 12
/* These two values define the vendor name returned by the USB device. The name
* must be given as a list of characters under single quotes. The characters
* are interpreted as Unicode (UTF-16) entities.
* If you don't want a vendor name string, undefine these macros.
* ALWAYS define a vendor name containing your Internet domain name if you use
* obdev's free shared VID/PID pair. See the file USBID-License.txt for
* details.
*/
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_NAME 'A', 'u', 't', 'o', 'm', 'a', 't', 'o', 'r'
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_NAME_LEN 9
/* Same as above for the device name. If you don't want a device name, undefine
* the macros. See the file USBID-License.txt before you assign a name.
*/
/*#define USB_CFG_SERIAL_NUMBER 'N', 'o', 'n', 'e' */
/*#define USB_CFG_SERIAL_NUMBER_LEN 0 */
/* Same as above for the serial number. If you don't want a serial number,
* undefine the macros.
* It may be useful to provide the serial number through other means than at
* compile time. See the section about descriptor properties below for how
* to fine tune control over USB descriptors such as the string descriptor
* for the serial number.
*/
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_CLASS 0
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_SUBCLASS 0
/* See USB specification if you want to conform to an existing device class.
*/
#define USB_CFG_INTERFACE_CLASS 3 /* HID Class */
#define USB_CFG_INTERFACE_SUBCLASS 0
#define USB_CFG_INTERFACE_PROTOCOL 0
/* See USB specification if you want to conform to an existing device class or
* protocol.
*/
#define USB_CFG_HID_REPORT_DESCRIPTOR_LENGTH 33 /* total length of report descriptor */
/* Define this to the length of the HID report descriptor, if you implement
* an HID device. Otherwise don't define it or define it to 0.
*/

/* ------------------- Fine Control over USB Descriptors ------------------- */
/* If you don't want to use the driver's default USB descriptors, you can
* provide our own. These can be provided as (1) fixed length static data in
* flash memory, (2) fixed length static data in RAM or (3) dynamically at
* runtime in the function usbFunctionDescriptor(). See usbdrv.h for more
* information about this function.
* Descriptor handling is configured through the descriptor's properties. If
* no properties are defined or if they are 0, the default descriptor is used.
* Possible properties are:
* + USB_PROP_IS_DYNAMIC: The data for the descriptor should be fetched
* at runtime via usbFunctionDescriptor().
* + USB_PROP_IS_RAM: The data returned by usbFunctionDescriptor() or found
* in static memory is in RAM, not in flash memory.
* + USB_PROP_LENGTH(len): If the data is in static memory (RAM or flash),
* the driver must know the descriptor's length. The descriptor itself is
* found at the address of a well known identifier (see below).
* List of static descriptor names (must be declared PROGMEM if in flash):
* char usbDescriptorDevice[];
* char usbDescriptorConfiguration[];
* char usbDescriptorHidReport[];
* char usbDescriptorString0[];
* int usbDescriptorStringVendor[];
* int usbDescriptorStringDevice[];
* int usbDescriptorStringSerialNumber[];
* Other descriptors can't be provided statically, they must be provided
* dynamically at runtime.
*
* Descriptor properties are or-ed or added together, e.g.:
* #define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_DEVICE (USB_PROP_IS_RAM | USB_PROP_LENGTH(18))
*
* The following descriptors are defined:
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_DEVICE
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_CONFIGURATION
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRINGS
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_0
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_VENDOR
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_PRODUCT
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_SERIAL_NUMBER
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_HID
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_HID_REPORT
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_UNKNOWN (for all descriptors not handled by the driver)
*
*/

#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_DEVICE 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_CONFIGURATION 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRINGS 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_0 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_VENDOR 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_PRODUCT 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_SERIAL_NUMBER 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_HID 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_HID_REPORT 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_UNKNOWN 0

/* ----------------------- Optional MCU Description ------------------------ */

/* The following configurations have working defaults in usbdrv.h. You
* usually don't need to set them explicitly. Only if you want to run
* the driver on a device which is not yet supported or with a compiler
* which is not fully supported (such as IAR C) or if you use a differnt
* interrupt than INT0, you may have to define some of these.
*/
#define USB_INTR_CFG EICRA
/* #define USB_INTR_CFG_SET ((1 << ISC00) | (1 << ISC01)) */
/* #define USB_INTR_CFG_CLR 0 */
#define USB_INTR_ENABLE EIMSK
/* #define USB_INTR_ENABLE_BIT INT0 */
#define USB_INTR_PENDING EIFR
/* #define USB_INTR_PENDING_BIT INTF0 */

#endif /* __usbconfig_h_included__ */

main.c:
/* Name: main.c
* Project: Automator
* Author: Christian Starkjohann
* Creation Date: 2005-12-29
* Tabsize: 4
* Copyright: (c) 2005 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH
* License: Proprietary, free under certain conditions. See Documentation.
* This Revision: $Id: main.c 284 2007-03-29 16:32:04Z cs $
*/

/* #define INVERT_RELAYS used during debugging on evaluation board */

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>

#include "usbdrv.h"
#include "oddebug.h"


/* ----------------------- hardware I/O abstraction ------------------------ */

/*
PD1 USB-
PD2 USB+ = USB intr
*/

static void initHardware(void)
{
uchar i, j;

DDRD = 0x06; /* 0000 0110 bin includes USB reset */
PORTD = 0x00; /* 0000 0010 bin */
j = 0;
while(--j){ /* USB Reset by device only required on Watchdog Reset */
i = 0;
while(--i); /* delay >10ms for USB reset */
}
DDRD = 0x00; /* 0000 0010 bin remove USB reset condition */

/* configure timer 0 for a rate of 12M/(1024 * 256) = 45.78 Hz (~22ms) */
TCCR0B = 5; /* timer 0 prescaler: 1024 */
}


/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* ----------------------------- USB Interface ----------------------------- */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

PROGMEM char usbHidReportDescriptor[33] = { /* USB report descriptor */
0x06, 0x00, 0xff, // USAGE_PAGE (Generic Desktop)
0x09, 0x01, // USAGE (Vendor Usage 1)
0xa1, 0x01, // COLLECTION (Application)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x26, 0xff, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (255)
0x75, 0x08, // REPORT_SIZE (8)
0x85, 0x01, // REPORT_ID (1)
0x95, 0x02, // REPORT_COUNT (2)
0x09, 0x00, // USAGE (Undefined)
0xb2, 0x02, 0x01, // FEATURE (Data,Var,Abs,Buf)
0x85, 0x02, // REPORT_ID (2)
0x95, 0x80, // REPORT_COUNT (128)
0x09, 0x00, // USAGE (Undefined)
0xb2, 0x02, 0x01, // FEATURE (Data,Var,Abs,Buf)
0xc0 // END_COLLECTION
};

uchar usbFunctionSetup(uchar data[8])
{
static uchar replyBuf[3];
usbRequest_t *rq = (void *)data;

usbMsgPtr = replyBuf;
if((rq->bmRequestType & USBRQ_TYPE_MASK) == USBRQ_TYPE_CLASS){ /* class request type */
if(rq->bRequest == USBRQ_HID_GET_REPORT){ /* wValue: Only one
report type */
replyBuf[0] = 12;
replyBuf[1] = 7;
replyBuf[2] = 4;
return 3;
}
} else{
if(data[1] == 0){ /* ECHO, for testing */
replyBuf[0] = data[2];
replyBuf[1] = data[3];
return 2;
}
}
return 0;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

int main(void)
{
wdt_enable(WDTO_2S);
initHardware();
odDebugInit();
usbInit();
sei();
DBG1(0x00, 0, 0);
for(;;){ /* main event loop */
wdt_reset();
usbPoll();
if(TIFR0 & (1 << TOV0)){ /* debounce by sampling with reduced rate */
TIFR0 |= 1 << TOV0;
}
}
return 0;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */


Thank you for your help!

Stephan[/b]

If you had to change USB_INTR_CFG and related defines in order to compile, something must be broken. usbdrv.h contains #ifdefs to detect the set of defines to be used. It should choose EICRA etc. automatically.

Your fuse low byte has bit 7 (CKDIV8) clear, this means that the MCU divides the clock by 8. Your fuse high byte has the "watchdog always on" bit (bit 4) set. Don't know whether this is what you want.

Please change at least the fuse low byte to 0xdf so that the clock is not further divided.

I changed the low fuse to 0xDF and commented out the register changes in usbconfig.h it compiled fine, but I still can't detect the usb device.

Stephan

Can you make a simple test program which outputs a given frequency on a port pin and measure the frequency to make sure the clock rate is OK?

And are you sure you have initialized D+ and D- as input pins?

And, finally, if you enable debug level 2, can you capure the serial output?

I used this test program and measured a frequency of 666KHz.

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>


static void initHardware(void)
{
DDRD |= (1 << DDD5);
PORTD &= ~(1 << PD5);

TCCR0B = 5; /* Set timer to scale at 1024 eg 12MHz/1024/ 256 for
overflow */
}

int main(void)
{
wdt_enable(WDTO_2S);
initHardware();
for(;;){ /* main event loop */
wdt_reset();
if(TIFR0 & (1 << TOV0)){ /* Check for overflow */
PORTD ^= (1 << PD5); /* Toggle pin */
}
}
return 0;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */


I also changed the lfuse to 0x9F to output the clock rate on PB0 and measured 12MHz.

The test program does not use the timer: You never clear TOV0 in TIFR0 by writing 1 to it. The loop therefore runs at maximum speed. Otherwise it should output something like 22.888 Hz.

Having 12 MHz on CLKO should prove that the clock is correct, though.

Then we have the remaining questions: Have you initialized the USB pins as inputs? Have you changed the Makefile to compile for the Mega88 instead of Mega8 (the two are not binary compatible). And finally: Can you provide a debug log?

Yes we changed the Makefile to compile for the Mega88 and we use PD1 and PD2 for USB and set DDRD to 0x00. All the code I used is in the original post. I can't provide a debug log.

Sorry, but then I'm out of ideas...

Since the firmware has been tested very well, I would suspect that there is something wrong in the circuit...

Hi Christian thanks for your help. I've taken over for the weekend from Stephan and I'll start by a complete rebuild of the original circuit. I will let you know how this progresses and if I can find the error.

We have resolved the problem. I am not entirely sure why, an educated guess would be that the USART was interfering with the D- pin, but after moving D- from PB1 to PB5 and making changes to usbconfig.h accordingly it appears to be working.

Thanks for your help and patience.

uah I don't have an account so I can't edit, but that is supposed to say PD1 to PD5

I've completely overlooked that... PD1 is not a good choice if you compile with debugging enabled or if you otherwise enable the UART transmitter.

If you can ensure that the UART transmitter is off, the driver should work with PD1.

Fortunately our uni project doesn't require a large number of pins so we can avoid touching PB0-1 altogether. Being of electrical background myself I thought it easier to change the port rather then find out how to disable debugging from the hidkeys code (well assuming that is even what was causing the issues). At least we did get it working, thanks for the support.