Hello, I'd like to make the HIDKeys reference example be able to detect 14 simultaneous keystrokes w/o modifier keys.
I'm posting here because I want to make sure that my mental model of how usbkeyboards and the code works, and the
way they actually work are similar.
First, my understanding is that a usb-keyboard DOES NOT send key-up events. It sends key-down events and the
computer assumes the lack of a report after a while is a key-up event.
Second, there's no operating-system level barrier to detecting multiple keystrokes.
Third, here's what I think I'll have to do in code to implement my idea...
1. Change the usbHIDreport descriptor to use 14 byte input reports
2. Make all the switches change certain elements in an array of ints that will
be my input report.
3. Send that array of ints.
That's the general idea. Are there any incorrect assumptions or glaring mistakes
in how I'm going about this?
I have no experience programming microcontrollers; if this is trivial to implement
for somebody who has experience, it'd be greatly appreciated if you could post the code.
make HIDKeys reference example detect multiple keystrokes
Re: make HIDKeys reference example detect multiple keystrokes
For a test I merged the HID example and the C64 Keyboard example... I tried to change it to use more keys than 6, but i was not successful. To test this I used the AT90S2313... it works fine, however I had to remove some code to make it work.
Regards,
Markus Schulz
PS: by the way I copyed the lates driver version in the example directory, looks like this saved my some flash memory.
Regards,
Markus Schulz
PS: by the way I copyed the lates driver version in the example directory, looks like this saved my some flash memory.
Code: Select all
/* Name: main.c
* Project: HID-Test
* Author: Christian Starkjohann
* Creation Date: 2006-02-02
* Tabsize: 4
* Copyright: (c) 2006 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH
* License: GNU GPL v2 (see License.txt) or proprietary (CommercialLicense.txt)
* This Revision: $Id: main.c 299 2007-03-29 17:07:19Z cs $
*/
#define F_CPU 12000000L /* evaluation board runs on 4MHz */
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>
#include "usbdrv.h"
#include "oddebug.h"
/* ----------------------- hardware I/O abstraction ------------------------ */
/* pin assignments:
PB1 Key 1
PB2 Key 2
PB3 Key 3
PB4 Key 4
PD0 USB-
PD1 debug tx
PD2 USB+ (int0)
PD6 Key Shift
*/
static void hardwareInit(void)
{
uchar i, j;
PORTB = 0xff; /* activate all pull-ups */
DDRB = 1; /* all pins input */
PORTD = 0xfa; /* 1111 1010 bin: activate pull-ups except on USB lines */
DDRD = 0x07; /* 0000 0111 bin: all pins input except USB (-> USB reset) */
j = 0;
while(--j){ /* USB Reset by device only required on Watchdog Reset */
i = 0;
while(--i); /* delay >10ms for USB reset */
}
DDRD = 0x02; /* 0000 0010 bin: remove USB reset condition */
/* configure timer 0 for a rate of 12M/(1024 * 256) = 45.78 Hz (~22ms) */
TCCR0 = 5; /* timer 0 prescaler: 1024 */
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#define NUM_KEYS 8
static uchar keyPressed(void)
{
uchar i, mask, x, key;
key = 0;
x = PINB;
mask = 1;
for(i=0;i<6;i++){
if((x & mask) == 0)
key = i;
mask <<= 1;
}
x = PIND;
mask = 64;
if((x & mask) == 0 && key > 0)
key = key + 4;
return key;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* ----------------------------- USB interface ----------------------------- */
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static uchar idleRate; /* in 4 ms units */
static uchar protocolVer=1; /* 0 is the boot protocol, 1 is report protocol */
char usbHidReportDescriptor[USB_CFG_HID_REPORT_DESCRIPTOR_LENGTH]
PROGMEM = {
0x05, 0x01, // USAGE_PAGE (Generic Desktop)
0x09, 0x06, // USAGE (Keyboard)
0xa1, 0x01, // COLLECTION (Application)
0x05, 0x07, // USAGE_PAGE (Keyboard)
0x19, 0xe0, // USAGE_MINIMUM (Keyboard LeftControl)
0x29, 0xe7, // USAGE_MAXIMUM (Keyboard Right GUI)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x25, 0x01, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (1)
0x75, 0x01, // REPORT_SIZE (1)
0x95, 0x08, // REPORT_COUNT (8)
0x81, 0x02, // INPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0x95, 0x01, // REPORT_COUNT (1)
0x75, 0x08, // REPORT_SIZE (8)
0x81, 0x03, // INPUT (Cnst,Var,Abs)
0x95, 0x05, // REPORT_COUNT (5)
0x75, 0x01, // REPORT_SIZE (1)
0x05, 0x08, // USAGE_PAGE (LEDs)
0x19, 0x01, // USAGE_MINIMUM (Num Lock)
0x29, 0x05, // USAGE_MAXIMUM (Kana)
0x91, 0x02, // OUTPUT (Data,Var,Abs)
0x95, 0x01, // REPORT_COUNT (1)
0x75, 0x03, // REPORT_SIZE (3)
0x91, 0x03, // OUTPUT (Cnst,Var,Abs)
0x95, 0x06, // REPORT_COUNT (6)
0x75, 0x08, // REPORT_SIZE (8)
0x15, 0x00, // LOGICAL_MINIMUM (0)
0x25, 0x65, // LOGICAL_MAXIMUM (101)
0x05, 0x07, // USAGE_PAGE (Keyboard)
0x19, 0x00, // USAGE_MINIMUM (Reserved (no event indicated))
0x29, 0x65, // USAGE_MAXIMUM (Keyboard Application)
0x81, 0x00, // INPUT (Data,Ary,Abs)
0xc0 // END_COLLECTION
};
#define KEY_A 4
static uchar reportBuffer[NUM_KEYS];
static void buildReport(uchar key)
{
int i;
reportBuffer[0] = 0;
reportBuffer[1] = 0;
for(i=2;i<=NUM_KEYS;i++)
{
if(key==0){reportBuffer[i] = 0;}
else{ reportBuffer[i] = KEY_A+i;}
}
}
uchar usbFunctionSetup(uchar data[8]){
usbRequest_t *rq = (void *)data;
usbMsgPtr = reportBuffer;
if((rq->bmRequestType & USBRQ_TYPE_MASK) == USBRQ_TYPE_CLASS){ /* class request type */
if(rq->bRequest == USBRQ_HID_GET_REPORT){ /* wValue: ReportType (highbyte), ReportID (lowbyte) */
/* we only have one report type, so don't look at wValue */
return sizeof(reportBuffer);
}else if(rq->bRequest == USBRQ_HID_SET_REPORT){
if (rq->wLength.word == 1) { /* We expect one byte reports */
return 0xFF; /* Call usbFunctionWrite with data */
}
}else if(rq->bRequest == USBRQ_HID_GET_IDLE){
usbMsgPtr = &idleRate;
return 1;
}else if(rq->bRequest == USBRQ_HID_SET_IDLE){
idleRate = rq->wValue.bytes[1];
}else if(rq->bRequest == USBRQ_HID_GET_PROTOCOL) {
if (rq->wValue.bytes[1] < 1) {
protocolVer = rq->wValue.bytes[1];
}
}else if(rq->bRequest == USBRQ_HID_SET_PROTOCOL) {
usbMsgPtr = &protocolVer;
return 1;
}
}
return 0;
}
uchar usbFunctionWrite(uchar *data, uchar len) {
return 0x01;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
int main(void)
{
uchar key, lastKey = 0, keyDidChange = 0;
uchar idleCounter = 0;
wdt_enable(WDTO_2S);
hardwareInit();
odDebugInit();
usbInit();
sei();
DBG1(0x00, 0, 0);
for(;;){ /* main event loop */
wdt_reset();
usbPoll();
key = keyPressed();
if(lastKey != key){
lastKey = key;
keyDidChange = 1;
}
if(TIFR & (1<<TOV0)){ /* 22 ms timer */
TIFR = 1<<TOV0;
if(idleRate != 0){
if(idleCounter > 4){
idleCounter -= 5; /* 22 ms in units of 4 ms */
}else{
idleCounter = idleRate;
keyDidChange = 1;
}
}
}
if(keyDidChange && usbInterruptIsReady()){
keyDidChange = 0;
/* use last key and not current key status in order to avoid lost
changes in key status. */
buildReport(lastKey);
usbSetInterrupt(reportBuffer, sizeof(reportBuffer));
}
}
return 0;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
Code: Select all
/* Name: usbconfig.h
* Project: AVR USB driver
* Author: Christian Starkjohann
* Creation Date: 2005-04-01
* Tabsize: 4
* Copyright: (c) 2005 by OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH
* License: GNU GPL v2 (see License.txt) or proprietary (CommercialLicense.txt)
* This Revision: $Id: usbconfig.h 300 2007-03-29 17:07:35Z cs $
*/
#ifndef __usbconfig_h_included__
#define __usbconfig_h_included__
/*
General Description:
This file contains parts of the USB driver which can be configured and can or
must be adapted to your hardware.
Please note that the usbdrv contains a usbconfig-prototype.h file now. We
recommend that you use that file as a template because it will always list
the newest features and options.
*/
/* ---------------------------- Hardware Config ---------------------------- */
#define USB_CFG_IOPORTNAME D
/* This is the port where the USB bus is connected. When you configure it to
* "B", the registers PORTB, PINB and DDRB will be used.
*/
#define USB_CFG_DMINUS_BIT 0
/* This is the bit number in USB_CFG_IOPORT where the USB D- line is connected.
* This may be any bit in the port.
*/
#define USB_CFG_DPLUS_BIT 2
/* This is the bit number in USB_CFG_IOPORT where the USB D+ line is connected.
* This may be any bit in the port. Please note that D+ must also be connected
* to interrupt pin INT0!
*/
/* ----------------------- Optional Hardware Config ------------------------ */
/* #define USB_CFG_PULLUP_IOPORTNAME D */
/* If you connect the 1.5k pullup resistor from D- to a port pin instead of
* V+, you can connect and disconnect the device from firmware by calling
* the macros usbDeviceConnect() and usbDeviceDisconnect() (see usbdrv.h).
* This constant defines the port on which the pullup resistor is connected.
*/
/* #define USB_CFG_PULLUP_BIT 4 */
/* This constant defines the bit number in USB_CFG_PULLUP_IOPORT (defined
* above) where the 1.5k pullup resistor is connected. See description
* above for details.
*/
/* --------------------------- Functional Range ---------------------------- */
#define USB_CFG_HAVE_INTRIN_ENDPOINT 1
/* Define this to 1 if you want to compile a version with two endpoints: The
* default control endpoint 0 and an interrupt-in endpoint 1.
*/
#define USB_CFG_HAVE_INTRIN_ENDPOINT3 0
/* Define this to 1 if you want to compile a version with three endpoints: The
* default control endpoint 0, an interrupt-in endpoint 1 and an interrupt-in
* endpoint 3. You must also enable endpoint 1 above.
*/
#define USB_CFG_IMPLEMENT_HALT 0
/* Define this to 1 if you also want to implement the ENDPOINT_HALT feature
* for endpoint 1 (interrupt endpoint). Although you may not need this feature,
* it is required by the standard. We have made it a config option because it
* bloats the code considerably.
*/
#define USB_CFG_INTR_POLL_INTERVAL 10
/* If you compile a version with endpoint 1 (interrupt-in), this is the poll
* interval. The value is in milliseconds and must not be less than 10 ms for
* low speed devices.
*/
#define USB_CFG_IS_SELF_POWERED 0
/* Define this to 1 if the device has its own power supply. Set it to 0 if the
* device is powered from the USB bus.
*/
#define USB_CFG_MAX_BUS_POWER 100
/* Set this variable to the maximum USB bus power consumption of your device.
* The value is in milliamperes. [It will be divided by two since USB
* communicates power requirements in units of 2 mA.]
*/
#define USB_CFG_IMPLEMENT_FN_WRITE 1
/* Set this to 1 if you want usbFunctionWrite() to be called for control-out
* transfers. Set it to 0 if you don't need it and want to save a couple of
* bytes.
*/
#define USB_CFG_IMPLEMENT_FN_READ 0
/* Set this to 1 if you need to send control replies which are generated
* "on the fly" when usbFunctionRead() is called. If you only want to send
* data from a static buffer, set it to 0 and return the data from
* usbFunctionSetup(). This saves a couple of bytes.
*/
#define USB_CFG_IMPLEMENT_FN_WRITEOUT 0
/* Define this to 1 if you want to use interrupt-out (or bulk out) endpoint 1.
* You must implement the function usbFunctionWriteOut() which receives all
* interrupt/bulk data sent to endpoint 1.
*/
#define USB_CFG_HAVE_FLOWCONTROL 0
/* Define this to 1 if you want flowcontrol over USB data. See the definition
* of the macros usbDisableAllRequests() and usbEnableAllRequests() in
* usbdrv.h.
*/
/* -------------------------- Device Description --------------------------- */
/* We cannot use Obdev's free shared VID/PID pair because this is a HID.
* We use John Hyde's VID (author of the book "USB Design By Example") for
* this example instead. John has offered this VID for use by students for
* non-commercial devices. Well... This example is for demonstration and
* education only... DO NOT LET DEVICES WITH THIS VID ESCAPE YOUR LAB!
* The Product-ID is a random number.
*/
#define USB_CFG_VENDOR_ID 0x42, 0x42
/* USB vendor ID for the device, low byte first. If you have registered your
* own Vendor ID, define it here. Otherwise you use obdev's free shared
* VID/PID pair. Be sure to read USBID-License.txt for rules!
*/
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_ID 0x31, 0xe1
/* This is the ID of the product, low byte first. It is interpreted in the
* scope of the vendor ID. If you have registered your own VID with usb.org
* or if you have licensed a PID from somebody else, define it here. Otherwise
* you use obdev's free shared VID/PID pair. Be sure to read the rules in
* USBID-License.txt!
*/
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_VERSION 0x03, 0x01
/* Version number of the device: Minor number first, then major number.
*/
#define USB_CFG_VENDOR_NAME 'M'
#define USB_CFG_VENDOR_NAME_LEN 1
/* These two values define the vendor name returned by the USB device. The name
* must be given as a list of characters under single quotes. The characters
* are interpreted as Unicode (UTF-16) entities.
* If you don't want a vendor name string, undefine these macros.
* ALWAYS define a vendor name containing your Internet domain name if you use
* obdev's free shared VID/PID pair. See the file USBID-License.txt for
* details.
*/
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_NAME 'S'
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_NAME_LEN 1
/* Same as above for the device name. If you don't want a device name, undefine
* the macros. See the file USBID-License.txt before you assign a name.
*/
#define USB_CFG_SERIAL_NUMBER '2'
#define USB_CFG_SERIAL_NUMBER_LEN 1
/* Same as above for the serial number. If you don't want a serial number,
* undefine the macros.
* It may be useful to provide the serial number through other means than at
* compile time. See the section about descriptor properties below for how
* to fine tune control over USB descriptors such as the string descriptor
* for the serial number.
*/
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_CLASS 0 /* specify the class at the interface level */
#define USB_CFG_DEVICE_SUBCLASS 0
/* See USB specification if you want to conform to an existing device class.
*/
#define USB_CFG_INTERFACE_CLASS 0x03 /* HID class */
#define USB_CFG_INTERFACE_SUBCLASS 0x01 /* Boot-device subclass */
#define USB_CFG_INTERFACE_PROTOCOL 0x01 /* Keyboard protocol */
/* See USB specification if you want to conform to an existing device class or
* protocol.
*/
#define USB_CFG_HID_REPORT_DESCRIPTOR_LENGTH 63 /* total length of report descriptor */
/* Define this to the length of the HID report descriptor, if you implement
* an HID device. Otherwise don't define it or define it to 0.
*/
/* ------------------- Fine Control over USB Descriptors ------------------- */
/* If you don't want to use the driver's default USB descriptors, you can
* provide our own. These can be provided as (1) fixed length static data in
* flash memory, (2) fixed length static data in RAM or (3) dynamically at
* runtime in the function usbFunctionDescriptor(). See usbdrv.h for more
* information about this function.
* Descriptor handling is configured through the descriptor's properties. If
* no properties are defined or if they are 0, the default descriptor is used.
* Possible properties are:
* + USB_PROP_IS_DYNAMIC: The data for the descriptor should be fetched
* at runtime via usbFunctionDescriptor().
* + USB_PROP_IS_RAM: The data returned by usbFunctionDescriptor() or found
* in static memory is in RAM, not in flash memory.
* + USB_PROP_LENGTH(len): If the data is in static memory (RAM or flash),
* the driver must know the descriptor's length. The descriptor itself is
* found at the address of a well known identifier (see below).
* List of static descriptor names (must be declared PROGMEM if in flash):
* char usbDescriptorDevice[];
* char usbDescriptorConfiguration[];
* char usbDescriptorHidReport[];
* char usbDescriptorString0[];
* int usbDescriptorStringVendor[];
* int usbDescriptorStringDevice[];
* int usbDescriptorStringSerialNumber[];
* Other descriptors can't be provided statically, they must be provided
* dynamically at runtime.
*
* Descriptor properties are or-ed or added together, e.g.:
* #define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_DEVICE (USB_PROP_IS_RAM | USB_PROP_LENGTH(18))
*
* The following descriptors are defined:
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_DEVICE
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_CONFIGURATION
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRINGS
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_0
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_VENDOR
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_PRODUCT
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_SERIAL_NUMBER
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_HID
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_HID_REPORT
* USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_UNKNOWN (for all descriptors not handled by the driver)
*
*/
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_DEVICE 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_CONFIGURATION 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRINGS 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_0 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_VENDOR 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_PRODUCT 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_STRING_SERIAL_NUMBER 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_HID 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_HID_REPORT 0
#define USB_CFG_DESCR_PROPS_UNKNOWN 0
/* ----------------------- Optional MCU Description ------------------------ */
/* The following configurations have working defaults in usbdrv.h. You
* usually don't need to set them explicitly. Only if you want to run
* the driver on a device which is not yet supported or with a compiler
* which is not fully supported (such as IAR C) or if you use a differnt
* interrupt than INT0, you may have to define some of these.
*/
/* #define USB_INTR_CFG MCUCR */
/* #define USB_INTR_CFG_SET ((1 << ISC00) | (1 << ISC01)) */
/* #define USB_INTR_CFG_CLR 0 */
/* #define USB_INTR_ENABLE GIMSK */
/* #define USB_INTR_ENABLE_BIT INT0 */
/* #define USB_INTR_PENDING GIFR */
/* #define USB_INTR_PENDING_BIT INTF0 */
#endif /* __usbconfig_h_included__ */
Re: make HIDKeys reference example detect multiple keystrokes
The problem is the report size is limited to 8 bytes per transfer. I'm doing much the same thing, but since I have a very limited amount of different keys, I tried to change the report descriptor to use list all the keys and then just set (on/off) per key. You can see my report descriptor here: http://forums.obdev.at/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=3558.
My code does however NOT work, and I don't know why. I have never seen any report descriptor like mine, but I haven't found anything to tell me it shouldn't work.
My code does however NOT work, and I don't know why. I have never seen any report descriptor like mine, but I haven't found anything to tell me it shouldn't work.